Perfume types reflect the concentration of aromatic compounds in a solvent, which in fine fragnance is typically ethanol or a mix of water and ethanol. Various sources differ considerably in the definitions of perfume types. The concentration by percent/volume of perfume oil is as follows:
- Perfume extract (Extrait): 15-40% (IFRA: typical 20%) aromatic compounds
- Eau de Parfum (EdP), Parfum de Toilette (PdT): 10-20% (typical 15%) aromatic compounds. Sometimes listed as " eau de perfume" or "millesime"
- Eau de Toilette (EdT): 5-15% (typical 10%) aromatic compounds
- Eau de Cologne (EdC): Chypre citrus type perfumes with 3-8% (typical 5%) aromatic compounds
- Splash and After shave: 1-3% aromatic compounds
Perfume oil is necessarily diluted with a solvent because undiluted oil (natural or synthetic) contain high concentrations of chemical components (natural or otherweise) that will likely result in allergic reactions and possibly injury when applied directly to skin or clothing. As well, the scents in pure perfume oils are far too concentrated to smell pleasant. By far the most common solvent for perfume oil dilution is ethanol or a mixture of ethanol and water. Perfume oil can also diluted by means of neutral smelling liquid oils such as fractionated coconut oil, or liquid waxes such as jojoba oil.
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